Software Quality Assurance Practice Exam

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Which test is primarily concerned with the functionality of individual components?

Integration test
Unit test
Acceptance test
System test

The correct answer is: Unit test

The primary focus of a unit test is to evaluate the functionality of individual components or units of code in isolation. By testing each component independently, developers can ensure that specific sections of the code behave as intended and meet their design specifications. This is crucial in the software development process, as it allows for early detection of bugs and ensures that each piece of functionality is working correctly before they are integrated into larger systems. Unit tests are typically automated and can be executed frequently to provide immediate feedback on the validity of the code being tested. This ensures that developers can make changes confidently, knowing that the foundational elements of the system are robust. In contrast, integration tests focus on the interactions between different components, acceptance tests validate the system against business requirements from the user's perspective, and system tests examine the complete system as a whole. This distinction underscores the unique role that unit tests play in quality assurance.